Monday, March 28, 2022

10 mysterious disappearances, deaths of Arizona children

 

By: Ashley LoosePosted at 8:00 AM, Jan 03, 2022 and last updated 7:07 PM, Jan 03, 2022

Arizona is no stranger to high-profile murder cases and disappearances involving children, but there are numerous unsolved cases that may not have received as much attention over the decades.


ABC15 is taking a look at some of the children who have been reported missing in our state and related cold cases.


Analissa Monares-Leon, killed in 2007


Analissa Monares-Leon

88CRIME

Analissa Monares-Leon

Analissa Monares-Leon was asleep inside her Tucson home on Oct. 10, 2007.


Shots were fired at the home, striking the 6-year-old girl. She later died from her injuries at a hospital.


Arizona children

Posted at 8:00 AM, Jan 03, 2022
 
and last updated 7:07 PM, Jan 03, 2022

Arizona is no stranger to high-profile murder cases and disappearances involving children, but there are numerous unsolved cases that may not have received as much attention over the decades.

ABC15 is taking a look at some of the children who have been reported missing in our state and related cold cases.

Analissa Monares-Leon, killed in 2007

Analissa Monares-Leon
Analissa Monares-Leon

Analissa Monares-Leon was asleep inside her Tucson home on Oct. 10, 2007.

Shots were fired at the home, striking the 6-year-old girl. She later died from her injuries at a hospital.

"My baby girl loved nature and butterflies were her favorite, purple and yellow, her favorite colors," an obituary reads. "So any time we see butterflies or the colors purple and yellow, it's just her saying hi and any breath taking moment that nature gives us is a blessing from God that tells us to love life for every moment that it gives us."

Officials are offering a $2,500 reward for information leading to an arrest in the case.

Jackie and Cynthia Leslie, last seen in 1974


Jackie, 13, and Cynthia, 15, were last seen walking together near Baseline and Power roads on July 31, 1974.

Arizona children

Missing Children

Photo by: Phoenix Police, National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, Yuma PD

Missing children, cold cases in Arizona

By: Ashley LoosePosted at 8:00 AM, Jan 03, 2022 and last updated 7:07 PM, Jan 03, 2022

Arizona is no stranger to high-profile murder cases and disappearances involving children, but there are numerous unsolved cases that may not have received as much attention over the decades.


ABC15 is taking a look at some of the children who have been reported missing in our state and related cold cases.


Analissa Monares-Leon, killed in 2007


Analissa Monares-Leon

88CRIME

Analissa Monares-Leon

Analissa Monares-Leon was asleep inside her Tucson home on Oct. 10, 2007.


Shots were fired at the home, striking the 6-year-old girl. She later died from her injuries at a hospital.


"My baby girl loved nature and butterflies were her favorite, purple and yellow, her favorite colors," an obituary reads. "So any time we see butterflies or the colors purple and yellow, it's just her saying hi and any breath taking moment that nature gives us is a blessing from God that tells us to love life for every moment that it gives us."


Officials are offering a $2,500 reward for information leading to an arrest in the case.



Jackie and Cynthia Leslie, last seen in 1974


Cynthia and Jackie Leslie

National Center for Missing and Exploited Children

Jackie (left) and Cynthia (right) Leslie

Jackie, 13, and Cynthia, 15, were last seen walking together near Baseline and Power roads on July 31, 1974.


Recent Stories from abc15.com


According to the Doe Network, a nonprofit group of volunteers dedicated to the search of missing persons, the sisters were headed to a friend’s home located a few blocks from their home in the Desert Sands Mobile Home Park in Mesa.


It’s reported that they told their mother they were going to babysit but were really going to a party. Reports conflict on whether the pair made it to the party.


According to KGUN9, ABC15’s sister station in Tucson, family says there have been numerous reports of sightings and even a message from a psychic, saying they were alive.Searches were conducted in the nearby area, but no signs of the teenagers were found. They have not been heard from since.

Jesse Florez, last seen in 2001

Around 6 p.m. on Sept. 14, 2001, 14-year-old Jesse Florez left his home near 51st Avenue and Indian School Road to meet a friend to go to a party.However, police say, Florez hasn’t been seen since.

The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children released an age-progression photo of Flores to show what he may look like at age 31.

He had a black mole on the corner of his right eye and had two ear piercings.

Anyone with information is asked to contact Phoenix Police Department


Brian Richard Bleyl, last seen in 1981



Twelve-year-old Brian Richard Bleyl left his home near 9th and Myrtle avenues in Phoenix around 3 p.m. on Feb. 28, 1981. Bleyl rode his bicycle to work a newspaper route in the area.

Bleyl didn’t return, but his bicycle was located and witnesses reported seeing him near an apartment complex.

Several years later, a man was charged with abducting and murdering Bleyl, and a jury acquitted him before he died in 1994. No other suspects or persons of interest have been identified.Bleyl’s body has never been located, but foul play is believed to have played a part in his disappearance.

Anyone with information is asked to contact Phoenix Police Department.


Abduction and assault of 4-year-old girl in 1999


Chandler police say a 4-year-old girl was abducted from an apartment complex playground on March 27, 1999.

The incident occurred around 8 p.m. in the area of McQueen Road and Galveston Street.

Fortunately, the girl was located about a mile away at another apartment complex. However, the girl has been violently sexually assaulted and was left there by her attacker.

Police say she was found “badly bleeding” and needed “major surgery” to repair the trauma she suffered during the assault.The abductor was reportedly seen leaving the first apartment complex with the girl on a red or dark-colored bicycle. He had also been seen at the playground previously.

The suspect is described as a Spanish-speaking man who was in his late teens to mid-twenties. He was 5 feet, 6 inches tall, and about 140 pounds.

A computer-generated photo was created to show what witnesses say the suspect looked like.


Amberly Ann Mendoza, killed in 1996


Sometime between the hours of 11:30 p.m. on March 8 and 10:45 a.m. on March 9, 1996, someone entered 10-year-old Amberly Ann Mendoza’s Yuma home.

The girl was sexually assaulted and murdered in her bedroom. Her mother reportedly discovered what had happened when she went to wake her up for breakfast.

An advocacy center with a crisis response team was established years later in honor of Amberly.Officials say the case remains unsolved and anyone with information is asked to call Yuma Police Department.


Randy Parscale, last seen in 1979


https://namus.nij.ojp.gov/case/MP6494

Randy Doyle Parscale Jr., 10, went hiking with his family in April 1979.

They were at Peppersauce Canyon, located near Oracle, Arizona, when he became separated from their group.

He was never located.


Mindi Chambers, last seen in 1982


Mindi Chambers, 17, was last seen walking her step-sister to school in the East Valley on Oct. 19, 1982.

Mesa police say she wasn’t reported missing until April 1995, but some reports say it may be because family suspected she ran away from home.

According to the Doe Network, a nonprofit group of volunteers dedicated to the search of missing persons, she left behind her purse, ID, and other belongings. Days before her disappearance, she had reportedly told police her father had molested her and she was placed in the care of her stepmother.

Police say one of her high school friends may have information about her disappearance. Anyone with information asked to contact police.


Dorothy Mildred Clitheroe, last seen in 1973


Fourteen-year-old Dorothy Mildred Clitheroe was last seen around 6:30 p.m. on Sept. 20, 1973.

Phoenix police say she was seen walking toward the bathroom area at Cortez Park near 35th Avenue and Dunlap Road.

She hasn’t been seen since.


Alan ‘AJ’ Hoover, killed in 2015



Alan ‘AJ’ Hoover, 16, was shot and killed on Jan. 7, 2015.

The incident occurred at a home near 24th Street and Cactus Road, and it’s believed multiple teenagers were around when the shooting occurred.

Police say they interviewed witnesses and those who were present at the time of the shooting, but no motive or suspects were identified.

"He had a heart of gold and would do anything for anyone, no questions asked," the family said in an online obituary.


https://www.abc15.com/news/state/10-mysterious-disappearances-deaths-of-arizona-children

UPDATE: Tucson police investigating suspicious death of 9-year-old

 

Sandra Kraykovich, 38, and Elizabeth Kraykovich, 64, are facing child abuse charges after Sandra's 9-year-old child died at a Tucson apartment complex on Tuesday, March 22. As of March 25, the charges are not related to the child's death.(Tucson Police Department)

By KOLD News 13 Staff

Published: Mar. 24, 2022 at 4:07 PM MST|Updated: Mar. 25, 2022 at 4:26 PM MST

TUCSON, Ariz. (KOLD News 13) - Tucson police are investigating the recent death of a 9-year-old child.


The TPD said officers were called to the scene early Tuesday, March 22, by Tucson Fire after they responded to an unresponsive child at an apartment complex in the 8200 block of East Golf Links Road.


Despite life-saving efforts, the 9-year-old was pronounced dead at the scene.


While on scene, officers noted concerns regarding living conditions and child welfare.Detectives from the Child Physical Abuse Unit conducted an investigation. After interviews, detectives charged the mother and grandmother in the home with child abuse, a Class 2 felony.

The mother is 38-year-old Sandra Kraykovich.

According to police records, the mother called 911 on March 22 due to her child being unresponsive. After officials pronounced the child dead, “large amount of bugs began to cover her face”. There was “enormous amounts of lice in her hair”.

An older sibling told investigators that mouthwash had been used to try to treat the lice.Sandra Kraykovich said her child suffered from anemia and had been sick since Tuesday, March 15. The child had been vomiting, along with having a fever, headache, difficulty breathing and balance issues.

The mother said she had considered taking her child to the emergency room, but decided against it when she returned home and found her child sleeping.

When police checked the mother’s phone, she had messaged her boyfriend on March 14 and March 15 saying she needed to take her daughter to the emergency room.

On March 21, Sandra Kraykovich sent another message to her boyfriend that read, “OMG babe. Listen I’m in my room and my mom was called me. (Name redacted) was asking if I could check on her to make sure she isn’t dying.”The boyfriend urged the mother to take the child to the emergency room, but she didn’t.

Elizabeth Kraykovich, the child’s grandmother, messaged Sandra Kraykovich, her daughter, earlier that the child “can’t go to the ER with her hair but that’s left up to me cause your not home.” The grandmother, who is retired and cares for the children when their mother is at work.

Other messages indicated the child was also sick on March 8, two weeks before her death. Elizabeth Kraykovich messaged her daughter, complaining the other kids won’t help and accusing her daughter of being more interested in doing things with her boyfriend than taking care of her sick child.Investigators said the home was “dirty” and in a “general state of disarray.” Sandra Kraykovich told investigators that she knows, if she had gotten her daughter medical care, she would still be alive. She told them she should have gotten help, but didn’t because of the lice infestation.Sandra Kraykovich is being held on a $50,000 bond in the Pima County Jail.

The grandmother also said the child was not feeling well and on Monday, March 21, said she was out of breath and her throat hurt. The child was given ibuprofen. She was in court on the morning of Friday, March 25, and was released to pre-trial services. She is due back in court on April 4.

Two older siblings were in the home and but have since been removed. They were involved in the care of their younger sister, and they also had lice.

Tucson police said the child abuse charge is not related to the child’s death at this time, and that possible charges related to the child’s death will be determined after all reports and the autopsy results have been reviewed.

https://www.kold.com/2022/03/24/tucson-police-investigating-childs-suspicious-death/

Police: Infant’s remains found inside a Phoenix McDonald’s

 By Arizona's Family Digital News Staff and Gray News staff

Published: Mar. 28, 2022 at 10:40 AM MST|Updated: 3 hours ago

PHOENIX (ARIZONA’S FAMILY/GRAY NEWS) - Phoenix police confirmed Monday morning that the remains of an infant were located over the weekend inside a McDonald’s.

Phoenix Police Sergeant Philip Krynsky says detectives are actively working to investigate, Arizona’s Family reported.

No further information has been released. However, Krynsky says he expects to have an update later on in the day Monday.

Copyright 2022 Arizona’s Family via Gray Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Friday, March 25, 2022

Resources

 Support Groups

Al-Anon Family Groups

(520) 323-2229 | website

Opens in a new windowSelf support for the family and friends of alcoholics and adult children of alcoholics.


Alcoholics Anonymous

(520) 624-4183 | websiteOpens in a new window

840 S. Campbell Avenue.

Fellowship of men and women who maintain sobriety through sharing experience, strength, and hope.


CO-ANON

(480) 442-3869 | website

Opens in a new windowA fellowship for family and friends of someone who is chemically dependent on cocaine.


Cocaine Anonymous - AZ

(520) 326-2211 | websiteOpens in a new window

Co-Dependents Anonymous

Fellowship of men and women who maintain sobriety from cocaine.


Co-Dependents Anonymous (CODA)

(888) 444-2359 | website

Opens in a new window12-step self-help group for people who are working on healthy relationships.


Debtors Anonymous

1-800-421-2383 | websiteOpens in a new window

12-step program for people who have debt and cannot stop spending.


Depression and Bi-Polar Support Alliance

(800) 826-3632 | websiteOpens in a new window

Offers education and support groups to people with depression and bi-polar disorder.


Gamblers Anonymous

570-7879 | websiteOpens in a new window

Self help group for compulsive gamblers.


Narcotics Anonymous

881-8381 | website

Opens in a new window12-step program where people manage their addiction to narcotics.


Nicotine Anonymous

(469) 737-9304 | website

Opens in a new window12-step support group for people wishing to stop using nicotine.


Overeaters Anonymous

(505) 891-2664| websiteOpens in a new window

A 12-step group for people who wish to stop compulsive eating.


Sex Addicts Anonymous

1-800-477-8191 | websiteOpens in a new window

12-step recovery program providing support for people with compulsive sexual behaviors.


Survivors of Incest Anonymous

websiteOpens in a new window

12-step program for non-offending adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse.


Survivors of Suicide

emailOpens in a new window

Support group for family and friends of people who have committed suicide.


Mental Health Resources

Depression and Bi-Polar Support Alliance

(800) 826-3632 | websiteOpens in a new window

Offers education and support groups to people with depression and bi-polar disorder.


Mental Health Association of Arizona (MHAAZ)

480-982-5305 | websiteOpens in a new window

Provides information and advocacy concerning mental health resources.


National Alliance on Mental Illness of Southern Arizona (NAMI)

(520) 622-5582 | websiteOpens in a new window

Offers support groups for people diagnosed with mental illness and their families.



Community Resources

American Diabetes Association

(520) 795-3711 | websiteOpens in a new window

333 W. Ft. Lowell Rd., Suite 23

Provides educational resources on diabetes.


American Cancer Society

(800) 227-2345 | websiteOpens in a new window

333 W. Ft. Lowell Rd., Suite 23

Provides educational resources on cancer.


Arizona Poison & Drug Information Center

(520) 626-6016

Information and education on medications and preventing poisoning accidents.


Catholic Community Services

(520) 623-0344 | websiteOpens in a new window


DIRECT Center for Independence

(520) 624-6452 | websiteOpens in a new window

Offers information, referral and support services for individuals with disabilities.


Information & Referral Helpline

1-800-352-3792 | websiteOpens in a new window

Information on community resources.


Literacy Volunteers of Tucson

(520) 882-8006 | websiteOpens in a new window

Tutors people to improve reading and writing skills.


Sex Trafficking Help

websiteOpens in a new window

Offers a variety of volunteer opportunities.


Summer Sun Respite

Click hereOpens in a new window for resource guide.


Volunteer Southern Arizona

(520) 881-3300 | websiteOpens in a new window

Offers a variety of volunteer opportunities.


LGBTQIA+ Resources

A Place to Talk

(520) 375-9039 | Email: aplacetotalkservices@hotmail.com

Counseling services for individuals who identify in the LGBTQ communities.


El Rio Health - Transgender Medicine

(520) 670-3909 | websiteOpens in a new window

Healthcare for pediatric and adult transgender and gender non-conforming communities. Care includes gender-confirming hormone therapy and referral to specialists.


Lighthouse Project AZ

(520) 909-0754 | Email: lighthouseproject.tucson@gmail.com

LGBTQI collaboration between the University of Arizona Southwest Institute for Research on Women, SAAF and Our Family Services to support unstably housed LGBTQ young adults.


Petersen HIV Clinic (Banner UMC)

(520) 626-8598 | websiteOpens in a new window

Provides specialty care, advocacy, counseling, early intervention, education, referrals, and prevention services related to HIV.


PFLAG Tucson - Parents, Friends, Families and Allies, United with LGBTQ People to Move Equality Forward

websiteOpens in a new window

Promotes the health and well-being of LGBTQ persons and their families and friends through support, education and advocacy.


Pride Guide - Tucson

websiteOpens in a new window

A resource list of services targeted to the LGBTQIA+ communities throughout Arizona.


Primavera

(520) 623-5111 | websiteOpens in a new window

LGBT-friendly shelter service.


Rainbow Churches


Grace St. Paul's Episcopal ChurchOpens in a new window

St. Philip's in the Hills Episcopal ChurchOpens in a new window

Sister Jose Women's Center

(520) 909-3905 | websiteOpens in a new window

Trans-women friendly shelter.


Southern Arizona AIDS Foundation (SAAF)

Crisis Line: (800) 553-9387 | Office Line: (520) 628-7223 | websiteOpens in a new window

HIV, AIDS and Hep C testing; resources and support for individuals living with HIV/AIDS; prevention and support for survivors of violence against LGBTQIA+ individuals; support groups; youth drop in center and more!


Southern Arizona Gender Alliance (SAGA)

Address: 2030 E. Broadway Blvd, Suite 106 | websiteOpens in a new window

Support, advocacy and information for transgender and gender nonconforming individuals.


Southern Arizona Senior Pride

(520) 312-8923 | websiteOpens in a new window

LGBTQIA social meetings and support for 55+


Trans Lifeline

(877) 565-8860 | websiteOpens in a new window

Crisis hotline specific for transgender individuals.


Tucson Interfaith HIV/AIDS Network (TIHAN)

(520) 299-6647 | websiteOpens in a new window

Brings together religious, secular, corporate and non-profit organizations to support people living with HIV as well as to raise awareness and build knowledge and understanding around HIV/AIDS.


Government Resources

Arizona Center for Disability Law

(520) 327-9547 | website

Opens in a new windowProvides protection and advocacy for people with psychiatric, cognitive, physical, mental and sensory disabilities.


Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS)

(520) 205-8600 | website

Opens in a new windowState’s health insurance program for people with a low income.


City of Tucson Parks and Recreation

(520) 791-4873 | websiteOpens in a new window

Conducts recreational classes and special events throughout the city.


Pima County Public Library Information Line

(520) 791-4010 | websiteOpens in a new window

Phone services which give short answers to reference questions.


Social Security Administration

1-800-722-1213 | websiteOpens in a new window

Oversees the Social Security System.

Safe Havens

 safe haven 

noun

plural nounsafe havens

  1. a place of refuge or security.

    • temporary refuge given to a persecuted person or group.

      "refugees poured in and found safe haven

List of safe haven resources:


https://www.mass.gov/baby-safe-haven




https://www.tsne.org/safe-havens-interfaith-partnership-against-domestic-violence-and-elder-abuse


https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cps/safehaven


http://safehavenshelter.org/


http://www.nyc.gov/html/hhsaccelerator/downloads/pdf/DHS%20Safe%20Havens.pdf


https://www.kcpd.org/crime/victim-resources/safe-haven-for-newborns/


https://www.tn.gov/dcs/program-areas/child-safety/safe-haven-law.html


https://www.safehaventc.org/


https://www.volusia.org/services/public-protection/fire-services/fire-safety-information/programs/safe-havens-for-newborns.stml


https://www.claycountygov.com/community/public-safety/services/community-engagement/florida-safe-haven-law


https://www.nysna.org/%E2%80%98safe-havens-care-all%E2%80%99


https://dcf.vermont.gov/prevention/safe-havens/guidelines


https://211la.org/resources/service/safe-havens-abandoned-newborns-13


http://www.safehavennv.org/


https://humanservices.arkansas.gov/learn-about-programs/programs-for-children-families/arkansas-safe-haven/


https://dcyf.ri.gov/programsinitiatives/safe-haven


https://www.miamidade.gov/global/service.page?Mduid_service=ser1527785990185257


https://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/coneyisland/patient-information/safe-haven-site/


https://breakingground.org/our-housing/midwood


https://www.dhhs.nh.gov/dcyf/documents/dcyfpolicy1181.pdf


https://rosenet.org/686/Safe-Haven-Infant-Protection


https://www.dfps.state.tx.us/Child_Protection/Child_Safety/Resources/baby_moses.asp


https://www.nhsresearchscotland.org.uk/research-in-scotland/data/safe-havens


https://saveabandonedbabies.org/





Friday, March 18, 2022

RIP 6-year-old Nicole Snyder and 3-year-old Jasmine Snyder.


‘We starved them so they would die’: Mother Turns on Girlfriend, Admits They Starved ‘Hated’ Young Daughters & Buried Them [Court]


 The mother of two dead Pennsylvania children testified Wednesday at a preliminary hearing that the children were purposely starved to death.

During a hearing at the Laramie County Court in Williamsport, defendant Marie Snyder admitted that she and her girlfriend, Echo Butler, purposely starved and abused Snyder’s two daughters until their deaths. The victims have been identified as 6-year-old Nicole Snyder and 3-year-old Jasmine Snyder.

As CrimeOnline previously reported, investigators allege that the girls were also regularly pushed into walls and choked before they died. They were buried in the yard of a rural Hepburn Township home.What prompted the abuse? The mother’s girlfriend allegedly told police she “hated” the victims. In September, child welfare investigators began an investigation into allegations that a 7-year-old child was being neglected. While agents were visiting the child’s home, they questioned the child’s mother, Snyder, about the location of her other children: Nicole and Jasmine. Two months later, in November, authorities found human remains buried in the yard of the mother’s residence, which she shared with Butler. Investigators later identified the remains as belonging to Nicole and Jasmine Snyder.


Police subsequently interviewed Marie Snyder, Butler, and Butler’s mother and determined that the girls likely died from physical abuse and starvation.Butler reportedly told investigators that the children were “bad.” Butler admitted that she would “knee or push” the girls’ bodies into walls. She would also “choke” Nicole until the girl’s eyes would roll back into her head, according to court documents. Both the girls’ mother and Butler allegedly starved the girls, feeding them only tiny portions of food and “two sips of water,” according to the court records. The girls were allegedly forced to eat by themselves in a dark room while other members of the family would have full meals and better food.As punishment, the girls were forced to have cold baths or were required to stand in a dark room or corner, at times restrained.Authorities believe that Nicole died in May 2016. In the days preceding her death, she was allegedly “pale, unable to stand on her own and her hair was falling out,” court records state. Echo admitted that she buried Nicole in the backyard.Jasmine is believed to have died in 2017.






https://www.crimeonline.com/2022/03/18/we-starved-them-so-they-would-die-mother-turns-on-girlfriend-admits-they-starved-hated-young-daughters-buried-them-court/?fr=operanews

Thursday, March 10, 2022

ARS 13-3623 – Child Abuse – Arizona Law & Penalties

 ARS 13-3623 is the Arizona statute that defines the crime of child abuse. People commit this offense if, under certain circumstances, they cause a child to suffer physical injury, allow a child to be injured, or allow a child to be placed in a situation that endangers the child’s health or well-being. A violation of this law can lead to a Class 2 felony charge punishable by up to 10 years in state prison.


The language of ARS 13-3623 states that, for a conviction under this law, a prosecutor must prove that a defendant committed child abuse and acted either:


intentionally or knowingly,

recklessly, or

with criminal negligence.

Examples


allowing a child to stay in a building in which people are using flammable chemicals to manufacture a dangerous drug.

knowingly hitting a child where the act causes serious physical injury.

leaving a child in a car on a hot day with the windows rolled up.

Defenses


People accused of child abuse can challenge the accusation with a legal defense. A few common defenses include the parties showing that:


they were acting within their legal rights to discipline the child,

they were falsely accused, and/or

a child was injured by something other than abuse.

Penalties


A violation of ARS 13-3623 is a felony offense (as opposed to a misdemeanor). Depending on the facts of the case, child abuse can be charged as either a:


Class 2 felony,

Class 3 felony,

Class 4 felony,

Class 5 felony, or

Class 6 felony.

A Class 2 felony is the most severe charge and is punishable by custody in state prison for up to 10 years.


In this article, our Phoenix Arizona criminal defense attorneys will discuss what the law is under this statute, defenses available if charged, the penalties for a conviction, and related crimes


1.How does Arizona law define “child abuse”?

Under Arizona law, people are guilty of child abuse if they, under certain circumstances, do any of the following:

  1. cause a child to suffer physical injury,
  2. allow a child to be injured, or
  3. allow a child to be placed in a situation that endangers the child’s health or well-being.i

To secure a conviction under this law, a prosecutor has to show that the defendant committed child abuse and he/she did so either:

  • intentionally or knowingly,
  • recklessly, or
  • with criminal negligence.ii

A few definitions here are helpful:

  • knowingly” means that a person is aware or believes that their conduct is of a nature or that a particular circumstance exists,iii
  • recklessly” means that a person commits an act although aware of, and in grossly conscious disregard to, a substantial and unjustifiable risk of harm to some person,ivand
  • criminal negligence” is a when a person acts while failing to perceive that the act may result in a substantial and unjustifiable risk of harm.v

For purposes of this law, a “child” means a person who is under the age of 18.vi

Note that a person is guilty of child abuse even if he/she is not the parent or guardian of the “victim.”vii

2. Are there defenses to child abuse charges under ARS 13-3623?

Criminal defense lawyers draw upon several legal strategies to defend against charges brought under this statute. A few common ones include the attorneys showing that:

  1. the defendant was lawfully disciplining his/her child.
  2. the defendant was falsely accused.
  3. a child was injured by something else other than abuse.

2.1 Lawfully disciplining a child

Parents have the right to discipline their children using “corporal punishment.” They can even use an object (such as a belt or paddle) as long as the discipline was reasonably necessary and appropriate to maintain discipline.viii

2.2 Falsely accused

Unfortunately, people get falsely accused of this crime all of the time. For instance, a child may give a false accusation to gain attention or because they want to get placed out of their home. Further, one parent may falsely accuse another parent in order to win a custody dispute. A defense, then, is for accused people to show that they were unjustly blamed.

2.3 Other cause of injury

Children often get hurt or become endangered in a variety of different ways (for example, through playing or acting out of curiosity). Therefore, defendants can try to establish their innocence by showing that the “victim” was injured by something other than abuse.


3. What are the penalties?

The penalties for child abuse will depend on the specific facts of a case.

If a defendant commits child abuse under circumstances likely to cause death or serious injury to the child, then the crime is charged as either a:

  • Class 2 felony, if the defendant acted intentionally or knowingly (a Class 2 felony is punishable by up to 10 years in prison),
  • Class 3 felony, if the defendant acted recklessly (a Class 3 felony is punishable by almost four years in prison), or
  • Class 4 felony, if the defendant acted with criminal negligence (a Class 4 felony is punishable by almost three years in prison).

If a defendant commits child abuse under circumstances other than those likely to produce death or serious injury, then the crime is charged as either a:

  • Class 4 felony, if the defendant acted intentionally or knowingly,
  • Class 5 felony, if the defendant acted recklessly (a Class 5 felony is punishable by up to a year-and-a-half in prison), or
  • Class 6 felony, if the defendant acted with criminal negligence (a Class 6 felony is punishable by one year in prison).

4. How can people report instances of child abuse?

People can always report instances of abuse, or make abuse referrals, to a peace officer or a law enforcement agent.

Reports of child abuse can also be made to the Arizona Department of Child Safety (DCS) or by calling the statewide child abuse hotline phone number at 1-888-sos-child. People can call this number in instances of child abuse, child maltreatment, and/or child neglect.ix

Note that Prevent Child Abuse Arizona is an Arizona organization dedicated to promoting child abuse prevention.x

Note, too, that if a child abuse case gets started in the Arizona court system, Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) is an organization that helps advocate for a child’s needs.xi

5. Are there related offenses?

There are three crimes related to child abuse. These are:

  1. endangerment – ARS 13-1201,
  2. custodial interference – ARS 13-1302, and
  3. assault – 13-1203.

5.1 Endangerment – ARS 13-1201

Per ARS 13-1201, endangerment is the offense where people recklessly put someone at risk of imminent death or physical injury.

Depending on the facts of a child abuse case, it is possible for a defendant to face charges of both:

  • child abuse, and
  • endangerment.

5.2 Custodial interference – ARS 13-1302

Per ARS 13-1302, custodial interference is the offense where people commit an act in relation to a child and do so without legal authority. Some prohibited acts under this statute include:

  1. taking a child from another’s lawful custody, and
  2. denying a parent access to their child.

Unlike with child abuse, a person does not have to act with a specific criminal state of mind to be guilty of custodial interference.

5.3 Assault – 13-1203

Per ARS 13-1203, assault is the crime where people intentionally or recklessly cause physical injury to someone, intentionally place another person in fear of physical injury, or knowingly touch someone with the intent to injure or provoke them.

Unlike with child abuse, assault is a misdemeanor offense in Arizona.

Note that sexual assault is a separate crime set forth under ARS 13-1406.



https://www.shouselaw.com/az/defense/laws/child-abuse/